Current situation and development trend of grain p

Current situation and development trend of grain packaging in China

I. current situation of grain packaging

1. Packaging materials

at present, China's grain packaging bags are mainly woven bags and composite plastic bags

plastic woven bags are made of plastic (polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, etc.) into narrow strips of a certain width, or plastic flat belts with high strength and small elongation are obtained by hot stretching, and then these flat belts are woven. The strength of plastic woven bags is much higher than that of plastic film bags, which is not easy to deform and has good impact resistance. At the same time, due to the woven lines on the surface of woven bags, it improves the anti-skid performance and is convenient for stacking during storage. However, it has some disadvantages, such as poor insect and moisture resistance, and large environmental pollution

composite plastic bags have basically solved the problems of mold prevention, insect prevention and quality assurance in grain packaging due to the combination of high barrier packaging materials EVOH, PVDC, pet, PA, PE, PP and other multi-layer plastics. They have certain promotion and practical value, but due to the increasing attention to environmental problems and the toxicity of plastic products, their further development is hindered. With the progress of science and technology and the further development of Microbiology, many modified plastic woven bags are conducive to recycling and reduce environmental pollution

2. The loss is amazing

for a long time, the loss caused by poor packaging in the storage, transportation and sales of grain in China is amazing. In the past, the rate of grain breakage and leakage caused by poor packaging in some places was as high as 48.6%. After the improvement of packaging, the average dew rate decreased to about 5%, but it is far from the national requirement of 2.5% loss. At present, the postpartum loss of grain in China accounts for 12% - 14.8% of the total grain. It is estimated that if the loss decreases by 1%, the grain transported by railway can be reduced by 500000 tons per year

II. Development trend of grain packaging

1. Multi layer paper bag packaging

Shanghai zhenchu Packaging Co., Ltd. has adopted a multi-layer paper grain packaging bag for the packaging of flour and starch products at home and abroad. The material of this paper packaging bag is a kind of high-strength stretch paper, and its strength is 1.5 times higher than that of ordinary paper bag paper. For example, the paste bottom bag adopts trapezoidal arrangement, and each layer is bonded independently, so as to make it more firm. A four layer stretchable paper bag filled with 25 kg of flour fell freely at a height of 1.2m for 10 times without breaking the bag. Paper itself is hygroscopic. Packaging grain with paper bags can not only absorb excess water in grain, but also effectively prevent grain from being affected by moisture due to humid environment

the outstanding advantages of paper bags are non-toxic, tasteless and pollution-free, which meet the national food hygiene standards. Due to the good printing performance of paper, graphics and words can be printed according to the requirements of users. The valve mouth paper bag made of this paper is very convenient and rapid in the flour filling process. The filling speed can be increased by three times, and there is no dust flying, which can improve the working environment. In addition, because the valve mouth paper bag is rectangular after filling, it is easy to stack, and it is not suitable to slide the bag. Under the same storage capacity, the storage capacity can be increased by 10%. Therefore, promoting the use of paper grain packaging bags is not only the necessity of updating grain packaging in the future, but also the development trend of grain packaging in the future

the main causes of grain deterioration are water, oxygen invasion, microorganisms and their own physiological metabolism. Temperature, moisture and gas in the storage environment are the basic conditions for the life activities of grain itself and microorganisms. Moisture makes microorganisms multiply, and oxygen makes food oxidize and deteriorate. Multilayer paper bags solve the problem of grain mildew (blocking the invasion of water), and oxidation also depends on auxiliary means. Inflatable packaging is implemented in paper bags, and nitrogen and carbon dioxide are often used. They are five color, odorless and non-toxic gases with relatively stable chemical properties. According to the test, when the content of carbon dioxide in the air reaches 50%, it has a strong inhibition and killing effect on moldy microbiological standards. All kinds of grains have the ability to absorb carbon dioxide, which can inhibit the fat decomposition and oxidation of

grains. When grains absorb carbon dioxide, they are in a "sleep" state, so as to achieve the purpose of extending the effective storage period. However, the absorption of carbon dioxide by grain is a reversible phenomenon. If the paper bag is broken, the carbon dioxide gas inside the paper bag will be desorbed

multi-layer paper bags belong to the scope of small packaging, and domestic research on them has just begun, such as the heavy specifications, bag shape, size Different products {, the controlled atmosphere environment required by grain, shelf sales methods and different shelf life, storage, transportation methods, surface decoration, printing, etc.; when the content of carbon monoxide gas reaches 50%, it has a strong inhibition and killing effect on moldy microbiological standards. All kinds of grains have the ability to adsorb carbon dioxide, which can inhibit the decomposition and oxidation of fat in grains. When grains adsorb carbon dioxide, they are in "sleep" State, so as to extend the effective storage period. However, grain adsorption of carbon dioxide: carbon oxide is a reversible phenomenon. If the paper bag is broken, the content of carbon dioxide in the paper bag will be reduced, which will cause the desorption of carbon dioxide gas by grain

multi layer paper bags belong to the scope of small packaging, and their domestic research has just begun, such as the weight and specification of packaging, bag shape, size, air conditioning environment required by different varieties of grain, shelf sales methods and different shelf life, storage, transportation methods, surface decoration, printing, etc; At the same time, the establishment of a unified standard for the detection of multi-layer paper bags and the degree of automation of its supporting packaging machine should be further studied and solved. However, with the increasingly urgent demand for green food, paper bag packaging, the green packaging of grain, will be more and more widely used

2. "Small packaging" combined with "large packaging"

with the further deepening of reform and opening up and the gradual improvement of people's living standards, China's grain packaging has different development directions according to the requirements of transportation packaging and sales packaging. The development direction of grain transportation packaging is to change from "small packaging" to "large packaging", that is, containerized transportation. The packaging of large quantities of raw grain should be changed to bulk, and containers and container bags should be used. Bulk grain transportation is the mainstream of the development of grain transportation in the world. More than 80% of developed countries have realized bulk transportation. This can not only reduce losses and costs, but also conform to the development trend of socialized mass production and circulation. At present, most grain transportation in China adopts packaging transportation, which has high labor intensity, high cost and low efficiency. If the daily grain bulk transportation automatic loading and unloading truck is used for transportation, there is no need for manual packaging, loading and unloading, which not only accelerates the transportation speed, but also saves a lot of packaging materials. Recently, the annual circulation of grain in China is as high as 150 million tons. If the transportation of bulk grain is comprehensively promoted, at least 2 billion yuan can be saved every year

grain sales packaging is developing from large packaging to small packaging, which is the transformation of China's grain circulation from production, distribution to market operation, and people's living consumption from food and clothing to convenience, sanitation, nutrition and speed. People need high-quality rice noodles, which are convenient to buy and easy to carry. However, the traditional grain sales packaging is almost indistinguishable from transportation packaging, and there is a lack of special packaging for retail links. When selling, it is inconvenient and unhygienic to buy in whole or in bulk. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the grain packaging in the sales link, and increase the hygienic, strong, convenient and beautiful small packaging. Small grain packages of less than 2.5kg have appeared in supermarkets in some large and medium-sized cities. It is particularly worth mentioning that a paper package of Heilongjiang rice uses 0.5kg ~ 1kg paper bags as small packages, and 10 small packages are put into corrugated boxes as outer packages. This kind of packaging is very sanitary, reliable and convenient. The waste of the packaging can be recycled, which is conducive to environmental protection. However, at present, there are few small and medium-sized packages of all kinds of grain in the process of practice, and the main one is still the accumulation sales mode in the farmers' market

small grain packages must meet the following requirements:

1) the safety protection performance of keeping the studio dry and then putting the experimental samples into the studio for experiments on grain quality, which involves protection, stability, hygiene: safety

2) the working performance of machining bag making, which involves processability, workability, printability and heat sealing

3) for the convenience of packaging, it requires that the packaging is light, easy to carry, easy to store, easy to open, and beautiful

4) economic performance, which requires that the packaging has the simplicity, rationality and energy saving of production

5) environmental protection performance: small grain packaging needs to consume a lot of packaging materials and produce a lot of packaging waste. Its recyclability or degradability is the standard to determine whether the material can be used. Therefore, the development of small packaging involves production, technology, raw materials, economy, environmental protection and other issues. The development of suitable packaging materials, the development of efficient special grain packaging equipment and the design of fully functional packaging are important links in the improvement of grain sales packaging

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